TextCNN filters are learnable n-grams the cat sat on mat filter w=2 filter w=3 filter w=4 max-pool + concat fixed-size vector LSTM hidden state carries info forward h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 the cat sat on mat pool h1..h5 → classifier gates decide what to keep / forget still fails past ~200 steps sequential = no parallelism → attention came next